Pseudoprogression Shown on <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT After Pembrolizumab Treatment in a Case of Metastatic Bladder Cancer
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Pseudoprogression Shown on 18F-FDG PET/CT After Pembrolizumab Treatment in a Case of Metastatic Bladder Cancer

1. University of Health Sciences Türkiye Gazi Yaşargil Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Diyarbakır, Türkiye
2. Bower Hospital Clinic of Medical Oncology, Diyarbakır, Türkiye
No information available.
No information available
Received Date: 27.02.2024
Accepted Date: 23.06.2024
Online Date: 06.09.2024
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Abstract

A 57-year-old man diagnosed with a metastatic bladder tumor was initiated on pembrolizumab treatment. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging performed to evaluate treatment response showed numerical-dimensional and metabolic increase in the metastatic lesions. In the 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging performed 8 weeks later due to suspicion of pseudoprogression, a significant regression of the lesions was observed, and the patient was diagnosed with pseudoprogression. Pseudoprogression should be kept in mind when 18F-FDG PET/CT is performed after the use of immunotherapy, and evaluation with follow-up PET/CT is recommended to confirm that the patient has hyperprogression or pseudoprogression.

Keywords:
Immunotherapy
pseudoprogression
bladder cancer
pembrolizumab
PET/CT